I’m thrilled to sit down with Vladislav Zaimov, a seasoned telecommunications specialist with a wealth of experience in enterprise connectivity and risk management of vulnerable networks. Today, we’re diving into Argentina’s groundbreaking decision to open the 2.3-2.4 GHz band for private 4G/5G networks, a move poised to transform how businesses operate. We’ll explore what this means for industries, the intricacies of the new licensing system, and the potential impact on operational efficiency and technological innovation in the country.
Can you walk us through what Argentina’s decision to open the 2.3-2.4 GHz band means for businesses in the region?
Absolutely, Andrew. This decision by ENACOM, Argentina’s telecom regulator, is a game-changer. It allows enterprises to lease spectrum in the 2.3-2.4 GHz band to build their own private 4G and 5G networks. This mid-band spectrum is ideal because it offers a good balance of coverage and speed, perfect for industrial applications. For businesses, it means they can create tailored, secure networks for their operations, rather than relying on public networks that might not meet their specific needs in terms of reliability or latency.
Why is this particular frequency band so significant for private 4G and 5G networks?
The 2.3-2.4 GHz band is significant because it’s in the mid-band range, which provides a sweet spot for private networks. It delivers higher data speeds compared to low-band frequencies, while still offering decent coverage—unlike high-band millimeter waves that struggle with penetration through walls or over long distances. This makes it ideal for enterprise environments like factories or mining sites, where you need robust connectivity across varied terrains or enclosed spaces.
How does having access to this band compare to relying on public networks for companies in Argentina?
Private networks using this band give companies a level of control and customization that public networks simply can’t match. Public networks are shared, which can lead to congestion, variable performance, and security risks. With a private network, businesses can prioritize critical applications, ensure low latency for things like real-time machinery control, and enhance security by keeping data on-site. It’s a massive step toward operational independence and efficiency.
Let’s dive into the SPIBA licences. Can you explain what they are and how they fit into this new framework?
Sure, SPIBA stands for Sistema Privado Inalámbrico de Banda Ancha, or Private Wireless Broadband System. These are the licences ENACOM is issuing for enterprises to use the 2.3-2.4 GHz band. They’re valid for 10 years with renewal options and are split into two categories—SPIBA Interior for indoor use and SPIBA General for broader, often outdoor deployments. They’re designed to support everything from local factory setups to expansive operations like mines or ports.
What’s the key difference between the SPIBA Interior and SPIBA General licences in practical terms?
The main difference lies in their scope and application. SPIBA Interior licences are tailored for enclosed environments—think factories, warehouses, or office campuses—where the network is contained within a building or small area. SPIBA General licences, on the other hand, cover larger geographic areas, up to 400 square kilometers, and are meant for outdoor or mixed environments like oil fields or utility grids. This distinction ensures that spectrum use is optimized based on the physical layout of the operation.
Why do you think ENACOM has set separate rules for indoor versus outdoor network deployments?
It’s largely about managing interference and spectrum efficiency. Indoor networks operate in confined spaces, so the signal is naturally contained, reducing the risk of interfering with other users. Outdoor deployments, especially over large areas, have a higher chance of overlap or conflict with other networks, so they need stricter oversight. Plus, outdoor use often demands more spectrum or power to cover distances, which justifies different allocation and licensing approaches.
Can you shed some light on how the spectrum is being divided for these private networks?
ENACOM has split the 2.3-2.4 GHz band into 10 channels, each 10 MHz wide, totaling 100 MHz of spectrum. Four channels, or 40 MHz, are dedicated to indoor use, and another four are for outdoor use. The remaining two channels, 20 MHz, are flexible and can be allocated to either based on demand and specific needs. This setup allows for a maximum of six channels—or 60 MHz—for indoor use if spectrum availability permits, while the outdoor cap is still being finalized based on interest.
How will ENACOM determine the allocation of those flexible channels, and what factors might influence their decisions?
The flexible channels will likely be assigned based on a combination of enterprise needs, geographic considerations, and overall demand. ENACOM will assess applications to see where the spectrum can be most effectively used without causing interference. They might prioritize sectors with critical connectivity needs or areas with less existing coverage. It’s a balancing act to maximize the utility of the spectrum while ensuring fair access.
Which industries or sectors in Argentina do you see benefiting the most from this new opportunity?
Industries like mining, agriculture, oil and gas, automotive, and manufacturing are at the forefront. These sectors often operate in remote or challenging environments where reliable connectivity is hard to come by. They also rely heavily on automation, IoT, and real-time data, which private 4G/5G networks can support far better than traditional solutions. ENACOM has specifically highlighted these areas as strategic for national growth, so they’re the prime candidates.
Can you paint a picture of how a specific industry, say mining, might leverage a private network to transform their operations?
Absolutely. In mining, a private 4G/5G network can revolutionize operations. Imagine a remote mine where heavy machinery is operated autonomously or remotely using real-time video feeds and sensor data. A private network ensures ultra-low latency for precise control, enhances safety by monitoring workers and equipment through IoT devices, and keeps sensitive data secure within the network. It cuts downtime, boosts productivity, and even helps with predictive maintenance by analyzing data on-site.
What’s your forecast for the future of private 4G/5G networks in Argentina and beyond, given this development?
I’m very optimistic about the trajectory. In Argentina, this move by ENACOM sets a precedent for how targeted spectrum allocation can drive industrial transformation. We’ll likely see rapid adoption in key sectors, followed by innovations in how these networks are used for everything from smart agriculture to logistics. Globally, other countries may take note and replicate this model, especially in regions pushing for Industry 4.0. The focus on private networks will only grow as enterprises demand more control over their digital infrastructure, and I expect advancements in technology and regulation to keep pace with that demand.
